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21.
Tomoaki ONODA Ryuta YAMAMOTO Kyohei SAWAMURA Harutaka MURASE Yasuo NAMBO Yoshinobu INOUE Akira MATSUI Takeshi MIYAKE Nobuhiro HIRAI 《Journal of Equine Science》2013,24(4):63-69
Percentile growth curves are often used as a clinical indicator to evaluate variations of
children’s growth status. In this study, we propose empirical percentile growth curves
using Z-scores adapted for Japanese Thoroughbred horses, with considerations of the
seasonal compensatory growth that is a typical characteristic of seasonal breeding
animals. We previously developed new growth curve equations for Japanese Thoroughbreds
adjusting for compensatory growth. Individual horses and residual effects were included as
random effects in the growth curve equation model and their variance components were
estimated. Based on the Z-scores of the estimated variance components, empirical
percentile growth curves were constructed. A total of 5,594 and 5,680 body weight and age
measurements of male and female Thoroughbreds, respectively, and 3,770 withers height and
age measurements were used in the analyses. The developed empirical percentile growth
curves using Z-scores are computationally feasible and useful for monitoring individual
growth parameters of body weight and withers height of young Thoroughbred horses,
especially during compensatory growth periods. 相似文献
22.
Susan A. Elmore Mark Hoenerhoff Osamu Katsuta Hiroko Kokoshima Robert Maronpot Hiroaki Nagai Hiroshi Satoh Yasuhiro Tanaka Tomoaki Tochitani Seiichiro Tsuchiya Katsuhiko Yoshizawa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(2):231-257
The first joint Japanese Society of Toxicologic Pathology (JSTP) and National Toxicology
Program (NTP) Satellite Symposium, entitled “Pathology Potpourri,” was held on January
29th at Okura Frontier Hotel in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, in advance of the
JSTP’s 29th Annual Meeting. The goal of this Symposium was to present current
diagnostic pathology or nomenclature issues to the toxicologic pathology community. This
article presents summaries of the speakers’ presentations, including diagnostic or
nomenclature issues that were presented, select images that were used for audience voting
or discussion, and the voting results. Some lesions and topics covered during the
symposium include: treatment-related atypical hepatocellular foci of cellular alteration
in B6C3F1 mice; purulent ventriculoencephalitis in a young BALB/c mouse; a subcutaneous
malignant schwannoma in a RccHan:WIST rat; spontaneous nasal septum
hyalinosis/eosinophilic substance in B6C3F1 mice; a rare pancreatic ductal cell adenoma in
a young Lewis rat; eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia in a transgenic mouse model; hyaline
glomerulopathy in two female ddY mice; treatment-related intrahepatic erythrocytes in
B6C3F1 mice; treatment-related subendothelial hepatocytes in B6C3F1 mice; spontaneous
thyroid follicular cell vacuolar degeneration in a cynomolgus monkey; congenital hepatic
fibrosis in a 1-year-old cat; a spontaneous adenocarcinoma of the middle ear in a young
Crl:CD(SD) rat; and finally a series of cases illustrating some differences between
cholangiofibrosis and cholangiocarcinoma in Sprague Dawley and F344 rats. 相似文献
23.
Tsutsumi T Amakura Y Ashieda K Okuyama A Tanioka Y Sakata K Kobayashi Y Sasaki K Maitani T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(9):2867-2874
The efficacy of a combination of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits was examined for screening the toxic equivalent (TEQ) concentrations of dioxins in retail fish. The coplanar PCB-EIA system, which is a competitive immunoassay specific for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 118, was tested as a screening method for mono- ortho PCBs. The Ah immunoassay (Ah-I), which is an ELISA-based aryl hydrocarbon receptor binding assay, was analyzed for its screening ability for non- ortho PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins (PCDDs), and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Dilution and recovery tests using purified fish extracts revealed no major interference of the matrix in the PCB-EIA and suggested that the matrix effect was minimized in the Ah-I. Finally, the results for the fish samples ( n = 20) showed a strong correlation between this method and high-resolution gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry for the determination of the TEQ concentrations of mono- ortho PCBs ( r = 0.99) and non- ortho PCBs and PCDD/Fs ( r = 0.97). These data indicate that our method is suitable for screening retail fish to determine the TEQ concentrations of dioxins. 相似文献
24.
This study examined the residence pattern of ayu larvae and juveniles occurring in the surf zone of an extensive sandy beach,
in the north part of the Sea of Japan. In this region, ayu larvae mainly hatched in October and November, generally appeared
in the surf zone in hatching order, and were continuously present until the following January. During a short period after
mid- to late January when the water temperature fell below 10°C, ayu larvae and juveniles concurrently migrated from the surf
zone regardless of their size and age, resulting in a longer term residence for earlier-hatched ayu. This was in contrast
to studies in other waters, which found that early-hatched ayu have a short-term residence and late-hatched a long-term residence.
Furthermore, faster growth that enables ayu to reach the maximum residence size (around 40 mm BL) in the surf zone during
the period when the water temperature was still over 10°C might lead to earlier migration and a shorter residence term. This
process might be applicable only to the early-hatched group (defined as individuals hatched in late September and October)
and depends on the size of each individual, thus leading to a gradual migration of larger individuals as they attain maximum
residence size. 相似文献
25.
Naoya Yamaguchi Takashi Sayama Hiroyuki Yamazaki Tomoaki Miyoshi Masao Ishimoto Hideyuki Funatsuki 《Breeding Science》2014,64(4):300-308
Lodging tolerance (LT) is an important trait for high yield and combine-harvesting efficiency in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Many previous studies have investigated quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for lodging score (LS) in soybean. Most of the investigated QTLs were located in the proximal region of maturity or growth habit loci. The aim of this study was to identify genetic factors for LT not associated with maturity or growth habit. QTL analysis was performed using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between ‘Toyoharuka’ (TH), a lodging-tolerant cultivar, and ‘Toyomusume’ (TM). The genotypes of TH and TM were estimated as both e1e2E3E4 and dt1. The average LS over 4 years was used for QTL analysis, identifying a major and stable QTL, qLS19-1, on chromosome 19. The LS of the near-isogenic line (NIL) with the TH allele at Sat_099, the nearest marker to qLS19-1, was significantly lower than the NIL with the TM allele at that position. The TH allele at Sat_099 rarely had a negative influence on seed yield or other agronomic traits in both NILs and the TM-backcrossed lines. Our results suggest that marker-assisted selection for qLS19-1 is effective for improving LT in breeding programs. 相似文献
26.
Toshiyuki Komori Patricia N. Myers Shigehiro Yamada Tomoaki Kubo Hidemasa Imaseki 《Euphytica》2000,116(2):121-130
Sixty Nicotiana species were examined for tolerance against various osmotica for seed germination and seedling growth in vitro. The species showed a wide variety of tolerance, and based on the results of the in vitro tests, 31 species were selected and further evaluated for salt and drought tolerance in a glasshouse. The degrees of tolerance
of germination among the 57 species toward NaCl were approximately related to those toward mannitol, indicating that the osmolarity
plays a majorrole in seed germination. However, the responses during the seedling growth differed in NaCl and mannitol or
drought, and there was no correlation between salt and drought tolerance. Based on the responses in vitro and in the glasshouse, N. paniculata and N. excelsior were selected as the salt tolerant species, and N. arentsii as the salt sensitive species. The degrees of accumulation of dry matter and of Na+ in the leaves were different in the two tolerant species; during NaCl treatment, N. paniculata and N. arentsii accumulated less dry matter relative to the control plants than N. excelsior, and N. paniculata accumulated more Na+ in its leaves than N. excelsior and N. arentsii. It is assumed that the two salt tolerant species have different mechanisms for tolerance to the salt.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
27.
The role of Tween 80 in biobleaching of unbleached hardwood kraft pulp (HWKP) with manganese peroxidase (MnP) was investigated. Among the surfactants (e.g., Tween 80, Tween 20, CHAPSO) the most significant brightness increase was obtained with Tween 80. Tween 80 and Tween 20 exhibited several effects, such as dispersion of degraded lignin and activation of MnP, that partly contributed to the brightening of HWKP during MnP treatment. However, these characteristics did not explain the most appreciable effect on the brightness increase by Tween 80. Lipid peroxidation of surfactants during MnP biobleaching was determined by measuring the peroxide value (POV). The order of the POV increase was consistent with that of the brightness increase of pulp during MnP treatment in the presence of various surfactants or linolenic acid. However, radicals and peroxides derived from lipid (linolenic acid) peroxidation by lipoxidase hardly brightened the HWKP by themselves. These results suggested that Tween 80 was peroxidized by Mn(III), and that Mn(III) and lipid peroxidation of Tween 80 synergistically brightened HWKP.This study was presented in part at the 43rd lignin symposium, Fuchu, Tokyo, Oct. 26–27, 1998 and the 49th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 2–4, 1999 相似文献
28.
Renato G. Reyes Fumio Eguchi Tomoaki Iijima Miyato Higaki 《Journal of Wood Science》1998,44(5):408-413
The nutritional and physical requirements for the efficient mycelial colonization ofVolvariella volvacea (Bull. ex. Fr.). Singer were elucidated with the percentage mycelial colonization and density as references. This investigation was limited to the evaluation of two commercial strains (designated Vvc1 and Vvc2) and two wild strains (designated EAAC-0001 and EAAC-0002) ofV. volvacea from the Philippines with the aim of providing baseline data on their physiological requirements. The four strains ofV. volvacea had varying preferences for carbon. Vve1 preferred polysaccharides (starch and cellulose), whereas Vvc2 grew luxuriantly at a relatively rapid rate in sugar alcohol (sorbitol). The two wild strains preferred starch as a carbon source. In terms of nitrogen utilization, soytone, peptone, and glycine supported efficient mycelial colonization of the four strains. The vitamin utilization test revealed that ascorbic acid, calcium pantothenate, and biotin are good sources. The mycelial growth performances of the strains were also evaluated on six dehydrated mycological media. Efficient colonization of Vvc1, Vvc2, and EAAC-0002 with dense mycelial growth was noted in mycological agar. EAAC-0001, on the other hand, grew more efficiently in malt extract agar. The Philippine strains ofV. volvacea grew luxuriantly when incubated at 35°C and pH 8.0 under dark and sealed conditions. Moreover, the relatively higher moisture content (70%) of the oolong tea leaf formulation favorably stimulated efficient mycelial colonization. Under optimum physiological conditions, Vvc1, Vvc2, and EAAC-0002 were fast-growing strains, whereas EAAC-0001 was a moderately growing type. 相似文献
29.
T Nakao K Sato T Nakamura K Taguchi M Moriyoshi K Kawata 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(1):19-22
To determine whether beta 2-adrenergic stimulant (clenbuterol) would exhibit beneficial effects upon the elimination of night-time calving, 42 Holstein Friesian cows and heifers at the first stage of labour were injected intramuscularly twice with clenbuterol; 300 micrograms at 18:00 and 210 micrograms at 22:00. Other 26 cows and heifers of the same breed at the first stage of labour at 18:00 were not treated and served as controls. All of the treated animals, but one, calved after 5:00 in the next morning, showing a peak of parturition between 5:00 and 10:00. In contrast to this, 42% of the control animals calved at night between 22:00 and 5:00. Thus, the double administrations of clenbuterol were shown to be effective for eliminating night-time calving. The cows treated with clenbuterol tended to show lower incidences of dystocia and retained placenta and a higher first insemination conception rate than the control animals. No adverse effects of the treatment on the viability of newborn calves and milk yields were observed. 相似文献
30.
Rahman M. Motiur Yasushi Furukawa Isao Kawata Mohammed Mahabubur Rahman Mahbubul Alam 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(2):89-97
Empirical information regarding the role of homestead forests in household economy is essential in understanding the importance
of these resources. Identification of the factors that affect homestead forest production and understanding forest owners'
attitudes toward key forest management issues have great significance in making appropriate policy responses to manage these
resources on a sustainable basis. In Bangladesh, homestead forests are claimed to play an important economic role in rural
livelihoods, but no reliable quantitative information exists. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of homestead
forests in the household economy, examine if forest production and income vary across landholding size classes, to explore
the relationships of homestead forest production with species richness, education level, and household size, and to assess
the attitude of homestead forest owners toward key forest management issues. Results show that homestead forests contribute
15.9% of the household income and generate 51.4 man-days of employment per household per year. Production of homestead forests
significantly varies across landholding size classes. It was observed that forest production depends significantly on species
richness of homestead forests and the education level of forest owners. However, no such relationship was found between forest
production and household size. The study revealed that farming families depend more on forest income than nonfarming families.
Attitudes of forest owners toward key forest management issues differ significantly across landholding size classes. For example,
although the majority of the forest owners prefer fruit species to timber species, the percentage of respondents decreased
as the landholding size class increased, while the opposite trend was observed for timber species. The findings of this study
suggest that diversification of forests and extension of education amongst forest owners would improve forest production.
Furthermore, forest policy should address the concerns of the forest owners in different landholding classes and focus on
their specific requirements to enhance sustainable forest management. 相似文献